Saltwater Fish
Chaetodon speculum
Chaetodon speculum - Mirror Butterflyfish

Chaetodon speculum (Mirror Butterflyfish)

Species Description…

Scientific Name: Chaetodon speculum
Common Name: Mirror Butterflyfish
Species Group: Butterflyfish
Habitat: Reef Safe with Caution
Care Level: Intermediate
Temperament: Peaceful
Diet Type: Omnivore
Role in Aquarium: Showpiece Fish
Max Fish Length: 6 (inches)
Min Aquarium Size: 75 (gallons)
Native Range: Indo-Pacific, including Indonesia, the Philippines, and the Great Barrier Reef

Overview

  • Native to the Indo-Pacific, commonly found in coral reefs, lagoons, and reef slopes.
  • Recognized for its bright yellow body with a distinct black spot near the dorsal fin.
  • A relatively hardy species that can adjust to captivity when provided with optimal conditions.
  • Often observed in pairs or small groups, demonstrating social behavior in its natural habitat.
  • Best suited for a stable marine aquarium with live rock and ample swimming space.

Feeding

  • Omnivorous, feeding on coral polyps, small invertebrates, and algae in the wild.
  • Requires a diet rich in sponge-based foods, frozen mysis shrimp, and marine algae in captivity.
  • Readily adapts to prepared foods, making it easier to feed compared to other butterflyfish.
  • Multiple small meals per day support digestion and sustain energy levels.
  • A well-balanced diet enhances immune function and maintains vibrant coloration.

Habitat

  • Prefers coral-rich reef environments with moderate to strong water movement.
  • Commonly found near reef edges and sheltered areas where food is abundant.
  • Aquarium setups should include live rock formations for natural foraging and hiding spots.
  • Requires stable water parameters with high-quality filtration for long-term health.
  • Providing shaded areas and open swimming spaces encourages natural behaviors.

Fish Care

  • Optimal water temperature: 74-80°F (23-27°C) to maintain overall health.
  • Preferred pH range: 8.1-8.4, with a salinity level of 1.020-1.025.
  • Requires consistent water quality with regular maintenance and water changes.
  • Not considered reef-safe, as it may nip at corals and sessile invertebrates.
  • Providing live rock enhances grazing opportunities and promotes natural behaviors.

Compatibility

  • Generally peaceful but may show territorial behavior toward other butterflyfish.
  • Compatible with tangs, angelfish, and other non-aggressive marine species.
  • Not ideal for reef tanks due to its tendency to graze on coral polyps and invertebrates.
  • Should be housed with similarly sized tankmates to prevent competition for food.
  • Providing ample swimming space and structured rock formations minimizes territorial disputes.

Aquarium Behavior

  • An active and curious species that enjoys exploring its environment.
  • Frequently observed grazing on rock surfaces and interacting with other fish.
  • May take time to acclimate to captivity but becomes more confident with proper care.
  • Providing live rock encourages natural foraging behavior and keeps the fish engaged.
  • Over time, it may develop recognition of its caretaker and display curiosity, especially during feeding sessions.