Species Description…

Scientific Name: Chaetodon xanthurus

Common Name: Pearlscale Butterflyfish

Species Group: Butterflyfish

Habitat: Reef Safe with Caution

Care Level: Intermediate

Temperament: Peaceful

Diet Type: Omnivore

Role in Aquarium: Showpiece Fish

Max Fish Length: 5 (inches)

Min Aquarium Size: 75 (gallons)

Native Range: Indo-Pacific, including Indonesia, the Philippines, and the Great Barrier Reef

Chaetodon Xanthurus - The Pearlscale Butterflyfish

Chaetodon Xanthurus (The Pearlscale Butterflyfish)

Native to the Indo-Pacific, commonly found in coral reefs, lagoons, and rocky coastal areas.
Easily identified by its pearl-like scales with a lattice pattern and a striking yellow tail.
A hardy species that adapts well to captivity when provided with proper water conditions.
Often seen in pairs or small groups in the wild, indicating social behavior.
Best suited for an established marine aquarium with stable water conditions and live rock.

Omnivorous, feeding on coral polyps, algae, and small invertebrates in its natural habitat.
Thrives on a diet that includes sponge-based foods, frozen mysis shrimp, and high-quality marine pellets.
Readily adapts to prepared foods but benefits from a mix of fresh and frozen meals.
Multiple small feedings per day ensure proper digestion and nutrient intake.
A well-balanced diet enhances coloration, immunity, and overall vitality.

Prefers coral-rich reef environments with moderate water currents.
Commonly found near reef edges and sheltered areas where food sources are abundant.
Aquarium setups should include live rock to support natural grazing and provide shelter.
Requires high-quality filtration to maintain stable water parameters.
Providing shaded areas alongside open swimming space helps replicate its natural environment.

Optimal water temperature: 74-80°F (23-27°C) to support overall health.
Preferred pH range: 8.1-8.4, with a salinity level of 1.020-1.025.
Requires stable water quality with regular maintenance and water changes.
Not fully reef-safe, as it may nip at corals and sessile invertebrates.
Providing live rock enhances grazing opportunities and supports natural behaviors.

Generally peaceful but may become territorial with other butterflyfish.
Compatible with tangs, angelfish, and other non-aggressive marine fish.
Not ideal for reef tanks due to its potential to graze on coral polyps.
Should be housed with similarly sized fish to prevent competition for food.
Providing adequate space and rock formations minimizes potential territorial disputes.

An active and inquisitive species that enjoys exploring its environment.
Frequently seen grazing on rock surfaces and interacting with other tankmates.
May take time to acclimate to captivity but becomes more confident with proper care.
Providing live rock encourages natural foraging behavior and enhances environmental engagement.
Over time, it may recognize its caretaker and show curiosity, particularly during feeding sessions.